The consequences thereof include: controlled leak, small wear of sliding surfaces and prolonged lifespan. maintaining the stability of the medium layer separating the rings. The balance of forces working in a seal affects non-contacting operation, i.e. This paper presents the results of analyses pertaining to the impact of surface topography on the vibrations of cooperating rings. The application of various modifications such as micro-channels, compartments, micro-pores, texturing in mechanical non-contacting seals causes changes of dynamic properties of the medium layer. The utility of seal face contact diagnostics is discussed along with directions for future work. Also for the first time, this work analytically shows a mechanism where severe contact precipitates seal failure, which was previously known only through intuition and/or experience. Interestingly, and for the first time, certain parameters generating contact are shown to induce aperiodic mechanical face seal vibration, which is a useful machine vibration monitoring symptom. The seal equations of motion are simulated to indicate several modes of contacting operation, where contact is identified using waveforms, frequency spectra, and contact force calculations. This method also ensures that the seal face clearance remains positive, thus allowing one to calculate fluid-film forces. Specifically, the elastoplastic Jackson-Green rough surface contact model is used to quantify the contact forces using real and measurable surface and material parameters. Here, recent developments in modeling rotor-stator rub using rough surface contact are employed to simulate impact phenomena in a flexibly mounted stator (FMS) mechanical face seal designed to operate in a noncontacting regime. However, research supporting this hypothesis is heuristic and experiential and lacks the rigor provided by robust simulation incorporating contact into the seal dynamics. A hypothesis explaining the high probability of failure in noncontacting mechanical face seals is this undesired seal face contact. Machine faults such as misalignment or imbalance exacerbate seal vibration, leading to undesirable and unforeseen contact between the seal faces. Noncontacting mechanical face seals are often described as unpredictable machine elements, gaining this moniker from numerous instances of premature and unexpected failure. The problem is solved under the assumption of small radial and angular displacements of the shaft relative to the position of its static equilibrium. In this case, the fluid flow in the gap is caused by both the axial pressure difference throttled at the seal and the nature of the movement of the inner channel wall.

The task of calculating radial forces includes an analysis of the law of the distribution of velocities and pressures in the flow of the fluid being sealed through an annular channel, one of the walls of which forms a rotating and vibrating rotor. The inconsistencies in the conclusions of the researchers are due to assumptions that were made when solving the nonlinear equations of the unsteady flow of a viscous fluid in annular channels.

At the same time, various authors repeatedly studied the hydrodynamic characteristics of gap seals, however, the current methods for their analytical calculation for a number of parameters do not give a sufficiently accurate match. The physical nature of the forces arising in the thin gaps of slotted seals of hydraulic machines has been studied quite fully.

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